Car superchargers and turbochargers are two different approaches to boosting the power of an internal combustion engine and increasing fuel efficiency. Still, they’re both part of the same process called forced induction. While superchargers have been used since the early 1900s, turbochargers didn’t gain acceptance in cars until the 1970s, when automakers began looking for ways to make their engines more powerful without sacrificing fuel economy. At the same time, these two forced induction methods work in the same way. However, some significant differences make each type better suited to certain vehicles than others.
What are Superchargers?
A supercharger is a forced induction system that uses an air compressor to inject more air into an engine’s intake. Superchargers are similar to turbochargers but are belt driven. Both devices force air into the intake manifold, but superchargers do so at a lower ratio than turbochargers. Because superchargers rely on engine speed to function correctly, they can provide increased power output even when a car is moving slowly or idling. The disadvantage is that superchargers tend to force the engine to burn more fuel than a turbo would.
How Does a Supercharger Work?
Superchargers increase a car’s horsepower by making more air available for combustion–it’s a design that, at first glance, seems similar to a turbocharger, and it is. Superchargers use two rotors that mesh together to compress air before entering the intake manifold, similar to a turbocharger. The difference is exhaust gases drive turbochargers, and a car’s engine drive powers superchargers. The relationship between these two components has led to many misunderstandings about how superchargers work, and often people use the terms interchangeably.
Common Problems with Super Chargers
Some of the most common signs of supercharger failure include poor fuel economy, loud noises coming from the engine, poor acceleration, and oil leaking from the supercharger. In addition, supercharger problems can be caused by wear and tear, overfilling with oil, or problems with the pulley or belt. Many of these signs occur because the supercharger can’t force enough air into the intake manifold resulting in a mixture that is too rich.
What to do About a Failing Supercharger
A failing supercharger will lead to poor performance and can potentially damage your car’s engine. If you notice any of the signs of a failing supercharger, you should consult with your mechanic immediately. A car care specialist can repair many problems with superchargers without much trouble to expense. Still, if you try to ignore signs of a failing supercharger, you may ultimately be stuck with a more expensive repair bill.